In this course, you will learn how modern generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems work and how they create text, images, and other content. You will explore the underlying principles and modelling ideas behind generative AI and develop a rigorous understanding of why these systems succeed, fail, and behave unpredictably in different contexts. Through guided analysis and structured practical activities, you will be challenged to critically compare generative approaches, evaluate their outputs using appropriate criteria, and justify your analytical conclusions, without the need to build models from scratch. By the end of the course, you will be able to reason confidently and independently about generative AI technologies, make informed technical judgements, and assess when and how they can be applied responsibly in real-world settings.