Transport Safety for Sustainable and Inclusive Cities

Project description

Transport safety is a critical global challenge and a foundation of sustainable, inclusive, and liveable cities. Road traffic injuries remain one of the leading causes of death and serious injury worldwide, imposing substantial human, social, and economic costs on communities and governments. Beyond the tragic loss of life, unsafe transport systems reduce access to education, employment, healthcare, and public services—particularly for vulnerable road users such as pedestrians, cyclists, older adults, children, and people with disabilities. Improving transport safety is therefore not only a technical challenge, but also a public health, equity, and social sustainability imperative.

This research project focuses on improving safety outcomes for drivers and vulnerable road users, particularly pedestrians, cyclists, older adults, and people with disabilities, across complex urban transport systems.  We adopt interdisciplinary and data-driven approaches, integrating transport engineering, behavioural science, public health, and emerging digital technologies to address real-world safety challenges in road networks, public transport systems, and shared mobility environments.

Our research is strongly international in scope and impact, supported by active collaborations with leading universities and research centres across Europe, the US, Asia, the Middle East, and Australia. Current and past projects span road safety analytics, public transport safety, crowd dynamics, and evacuation modelling in high-density environments such as metro stations, campuses, and major events. By combining advanced modelling, field data, and stakeholder engagement, we deliver practical solutions that inform policy, infrastructure planning, and safety standards. Through these global partnerships, we are helping to shape safer, more inclusive, and more resilient transport systems for cities worldwide.

Lead contact

Partners

  • Southeast University
  • University of Tehran
  • Xi’an University of Posts &Telecommunications

This is an ongoing project

The publication lists may be updated annually. For up-to-date publications, please refer to the Google Scholar Page.

Journals

  • Sadeghi, M., Aghabayk, K., Seyfi, M. and Shiwakoti, N., 2025. Drivers' Trip Purpose and Pre-Crash Maneuvers as Determinants of Pedestrian Injury Severity: Insights and Policy Recommendations. Transport Policy. doi: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.05.014
  •  Zhang, Y., Shi, X., Shao, Y., Shiwakoti, N., Zhang, J., Pu, Z. and Ye, Z., 2025. A review of scenario cases for autonomous transportation system: Insights from CAV safety testing and scenario generation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 215, p.107994. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2025.107994
  • Shao, Y., Xu, Y., Ye, Z., Zhang, Y., Chen, W., Shiwakoti, N., & Shi, X. (2025). Understanding the impacts of negative advanced driving assistance system warnings on hazardous materials truck drivers’ responses using interpretable machine learning. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 146, 1-20 doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2025.110308
  • Kordrostami, A., Esmailpour, J., Aghabayk, K. and Shiwakoti, N., 2025. Promoting Social Sustainability: Psychological and Contextual Factors Influencing Mobility Scooter Adoption Among Older Adults in a Developing Country. Sustainable Futures, p.100878. doi: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100878
  • Bayat, M., Aghabayk, K., & Shiwakoti, N. (2024). Investigating the driving skills-attitudes nexus for safer roads. IATSS Research, 48(4), 496-505. doi:10.1016/j.iatssr.2024.10.001
  • Rejali, S., Aghabayk, K., & Shiwakoti, N. (2024). Assessing public a priori acceptance of fully automated vehicles using an extended technology acceptance model and importance-performance analysis. IATSS Research, 48(4), 537-549. doi:10.1016/j.iatssr.2024.10.004
  • Shao, Y., Shi, X., Zhang, Y., Shiwakoti, N., Xu, Y., & Ye, Z. (2024). Injury severity prediction and exploration of behavior-cause relationships in automotive crashes using natural language processing and extreme gradient boosting. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 133. doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2024.108542
  • Ye, W., Xu, Y., Shi, X., Shiwakoti, N., Ye, Z., & Zheng, Y. (2024). A macroscopic safety indicator for road segment: application of entropy theory. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 642. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2024.129787
  •  Xue, S., Zhang, Q, Shiwakoti, N. (2024), Sharing a Ride: A Dual-Service Model of People and Parcels Sharing Taxis with Loose Time Windows of Parcels, Systems, 12(8), 302. doi:10.3390/systems12080302
  • Seyfi, M. A., Aghabayk, K., Mamaghan, A., & Shiwakoti, N. (2023). Modeling the Motorcycle Crash Severity on Nonintersection Urban Roadways in the Australian State of Victoria Using a Random Parameters Logit Model. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2023, 1-12. doi:10.1155/2023/2250590
  • Esmaili, A., Aghabayk, K., & Shiwakoti, N. (2023). Latent Class Cluster Analysis and Mixed Logit Model to Investigate Pedestrian Crash Injury Severity. Sustainability, 15(1), 1-29. doi:10.3390/su15010185
  • Xue, S., Shiwakoti, N., Shi, X., & Xiao, Y. (2023). Investigating the characteristic delay time in the leader-follower behavior in children single-file movement. Chinese Physics B, 32(2), 1-7. doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ac80b1
  • Xue, S., Zhang, H., & Shiwakoti, N. (2023). Increasing Passenger Efficiency and Minimizing Infection Transmission in Chinese Metro Stations during COVID-19: A Simulation-Based Strategy Analysis. Systems, 11(12), 1-18. doi:10.3390/systems11120555
  • Rejali, S., Aghabayk, K., Esmaeli, S., & Shiwakoti, N. (2023). Comparison of technology acceptance model, theory of planned behavior, and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology to assess a priori acceptance of fully automated vehicles. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 168, 1-20. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2022.103565
  • Salehian, A., Aghabayk, K., Seyfi, M. A., & Shiwakoti, N. (2023). Comparative analysis of pedestrian crash severity at United Kingdom rural road intersections and Non-Intersections using latent class clustering and ordered probit model. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 192, 1-26. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2023.107231
  • Xue, S., & Shiwakoti, N. (2023). A meta-synthesis of experimental studies of pedestrian movement in single-file flow. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 630, 1-17. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2023.129255
  • Shiwakoti, N., Hu, Q., Pang, M. K., Cheung, T. M., Xu, Z., & Jiang, H. (n.d.). Passengers’ Perceptions and Satisfaction with Digital Technology Adopted by Airlines during COVID-19 Pandemic. Future Transportation, 2(4), 988-1009. doi:10.3390/futuretransp2040055
  • Aghabayk, K., Soltani, A., & Shiwakoti, N. (2022). Investigating Pedestrians’ Exit Choice with Incident Location Awareness in an Emergency in a Multi-Level Shopping Complex. Sustainability, 14(19), 1-21. doi:10.3390/su141911875
  • Shi, X., Xue, S., Shiwakoti, N., Li, D., & Ye, Z. (2022). Examining the effects of exit layout designs on children pedestrians’ exit choice. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 602, 1-14. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2022.127654
  • Bakhshi, V., Aghabayk, K., Parishad, N., & Shiwakoti, N. (2022). Evaluating Rainy Weather Effects on Driving Behaviour Dimensions of Driving Behaviour Questionnaire. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2022, 1-10. doi:10.1155/2022/6000715
  • Rejali, S., Aghabayk, K., & Shiwakoti, N. (2022). A Clustering Approach to Identify High-Risk Taxi Drivers Based on Self-Reported Driving Behavior. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2022, 1-16. doi:10.1155/2022/6511225
  •  Xue, S., Shi, X., & Shiwakoti, N. (2021). Would walking hand-in-hand increase the traffic efficiency of children pedestrian flow?. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 583, 1-12. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2021.126332
  • Shi, X., Xue, S., Feliciani, C., Shiwakoti, N., Lin, J., Li, D., & Ye, Z. (2021). Verifying the applicability of a pedestrian simulation model to reproduce the effect of exit design on egress flow under normal and emergency conditions. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 562, 1-15. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2020.125347
  • Samerei, S., Aghabayk, K., Shiwakoti, N., & Mohammadi, A. (2021). Using latent class clustering and binary logistic regression to model Australian cyclist injury severity in motor vehicle–bicycle crashes. Journal of Safety Research, 79, 246-256. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2021.09.005
  • Aghabayk, K., Esmailpour, J., Jafari, A., & Shiwakoti, N. (2021). Observational-based study to explore pedestrian crossing behaviors at signalized and unsignalized crosswalks. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 151, 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2021.105990
  • Samerei, S., Aghabayk, K., Shiwakoti, N., & Karimi, S. (2021). Modelling bus-pedestrian crash severity in the state of Victoria, Australia. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 28(2), 233-242. doi:10.1080/17457300.2021.1907597
  • Aghabayk, K., Parishad, N., & Shiwakoti, N. (2021). Investigation on the Impact of Walkways Slope and Pedestrians Physical Characteristics on Pedestrians Normal Walking and Jogging Speeds. Safety Science, 133, 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105012
  • Xue, S., Shi, X., Jiang, R., Feliciani, C., Liu, Y., Shiwakoti, N., & Li, D. (2021). Incentive-based experiments to characterize pedestrians’ evacuation behaviors under limited visibility. Safety Science, 133, 1-15. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105013
  • Aghabayk, K., Rejali, S., Samerei, S., & Shiwakoti, N. (2021). Evaluating Safety Issues for Taxi Transport Management. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2021, 1-14. doi:10.1155/2021/6638640
  • Aghabayk, K., Esmailpour, J., & Shiwakoti, N. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 on rail passengers’ crowding perceptions. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 154, 186-202. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2021.10.011
  • Samerei, S., Aghabayk, K., Mohammadi, A., & Shiwakoti, N. (2021). Data mining approach to model bus crash severity in Australia. Journal of Safety Research, 76, 73-82. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2020.12.004
  • Rejali, S., Aghabayk, K., Mohammadi, A., & Shiwakoti, N. (2021). Assessing a priori acceptance of shared dockless e-scooters in Iran. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 100, 1-18. doi:10.1016/j.trd.2021.103042
  • Shiwakoti, N., Tay, R., & Stasinopoulos, P. (2020). In an emergency evacuation situation what would you do?. Transportation Research Procedia, 48, 860-869. doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.099
  • Aghabayk, K., Radmehr, K., & Shiwakoti, N. (2020). Effect of Intersecting Angle on Pedestrian Crowd Flow under Normal and Evacuation Conditions. Sustainability, 12(4), 1-17. doi:10.3390/su12041301
  • Shiwakoti, N., Tay, R., & Stasinopoulos, P. (2020). Development, testing, and evaluation of road safety poster to reduce jaywalking behavior at intersections. Cognition, Technology & Work, 22(2), 389-397. doi:10.1007/s10111-019-00573-4
  • Vajar, M., Aghabayk, K., Sadeghian, M., & Shiwakoti, N. (2020). A multinomial logit model of motorcycle crash severity at Australian intersections. Journal of Safety Research, 17-24. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2020.02.008
  • Shiwakoti, N., Wang, H., Jiang, H., & Wang, L. (2020). A ‘role-rule’ model to examine passengers’ likely behaviour and their perceived ability to evacuate safely from airport in an emergency evacuation. Safety Science, 124, 1-8. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2019.104584
  • Shi, X., Ye, Z., Shiwakoti, N., & Li, H. (2019). Passengers' Perceptions of Security Check in Metro Stations. Sustainability, 11(10), 1-15. doi:10.3390/su11102930
  • Shiwakoti, N., Stasinopoulos, P., Vincec, P., Qian, W., & Hafsar, R. (2019). Exploring how perceptive differences impact the current public transport usage and support for future public transport extension and usage: A case study of Melbourne's tramline extension. Transport Policy, 84, 12- 23. doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.10.002
  • Shiwakoti, N., Shi, X., & Ye, Z. (2019). A review on the performance of an obstacle near an exit on pedestrian crowd evacuation. Safety Science 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, 113, 54-67. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2018.11.016
  • Shi, X., Ye, Z., Shiwakoti, N., Tang, D., & Lin, J. (2019). Examining effect of architectural adjustment on pedestrian crowd flow at bottleneck. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 522, 350-364. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2019.01.086
  • Shiwakoti, N., Wang, H., Jiang, H., & Wang, L. (2019). Examining passengers' perceptions and awareness of emergency wayfinding and procedure in airports. Safety Science, 118, 805-813. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2019.06.015
  •  Shi, X., Ye, Z., Shiwakoti, N., & Grembek, O. (2018). A State-of-the Art Review on Empirical Data Collection for External Governed Pedestrians Complex Movement. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2018, 1-42. doi:10.1155/2018/1063043
  • Shiwakoti, N., Tay, R., Stasinopoulos, P., & Woolley, P. (2018). Passengers' perceived ability to get out safely from an underground train station in an emergency situation. Cognition, Technology and Work20(3), 367-375. doi:10.1007/s10111-018-0473-3
  • Shiwakoti, N., Tay, R., Stasinopoulos, P., & Woolley, P. (2017). Likely behaviours of passengers under emergency evacuation in train station. Safety Science, 91, 40-48. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2016.07.017
  • Xiaomeng, S., Ye, Z., Shiwakoti, N., Tang, D., Wang, C., & Wang, W. (2016). Empirical investigation on safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd through macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 95, 405-416. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.10.009
  • Gu, Z., Liu, Z., Shiwakoti, N., & Yang, M. (2016). Video-based analysis of school students' emergency evacuation behavior in earthquakes. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 18, 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.05.008
  • Shiwakoti, N., Tay, R., Stasinopoulos, P., & Woolley, P. (2016). Passengers' awareness and perceptions of way finding tools in a train station. Safety Science, 87, 179-185. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2016.04.004
  • Shiwakoti, N., Gong, Y., Shi, X., & Ye, Z. (2015). Examining influence of merging architectural features on pedestrian crowd movement. Safety Science, 75, 15-22. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2015.01.009
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